1) Definitions:

A.     What’s Logical-Mathematics intelligence?

To start the definition of Logical Mathematics Intelligence, first, we have to know some previous information to understand better all we are going to work on. This is why we are going to ask our self some questions.

•What is intelligence?

Intelligence is the ability to understand, reasoning, assimilate, plan, think abstractly, learn quickly and solve problems. The Dictionary: Spanish Royal Academy, defines intelligence, among other meanings, as the "ability to understand or comprehend" and as "capacity of solving problems". But intelligence seems to be linked to other mental functions as perception or ability to receive information or memorize.

•How many types of intelligences exist?

There are 9 different intelligences known:

            1. Linguistic Intelligence

            2. Musical Intelligence

            3. Spatial Intelligence

            4. Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence

            5. Interpersonal Intelligence

            6. Intrapersonal Intelligence

            7. Emotional Intelligence

            8. Naturalistic Intelligence

            9. Logical-Mathematics Intelligence

•What factors are needed to have these intelligences?

The development of those intelligences depends on different factors on children’s life:

            a) Hereditary factors.

            b) Environmental factors such as education, motivation or healthy habits.

            c) Other factors like a bigger amount of knowledge neurons.

•On how many parts is divided the brain? All parts have the same intellectual abilities?

The brain is divided in two different parts or hemispheres, and those of these parts have different functions and have different abilities:                                                                    -Left hemisphere: it works with the logic, with analysis and sequential thoughts.                -Right hemisphere: it’s very creative.  It works with music, paintings, art... It has a global view.

Taking all this as a base, we are going to focus on the last one intelligence.

First of all, we are going to define logic and then mathematics for trying to make a simple definition of what we call Logical-Mathematics Intelligence:

-Logic is a formal science which studies the valid reasoning and demonstration.

It examines general forms that arguments may take; which forms are valid, and which are invalid.

-Mathematics studies the valid inferences within some formal language and doing an individual division of the contents.

*Reasoning is the capacity that human beings have to make sense of things, to establish and verify facts, and to change or justify practices, institutions, and beliefs.

*One inference is the deduction of a thing, a conclusion or a demonstration.

So ... Logical Mathematical Intelligence is:

-The ability to use logic, reason and mathematics to solve problems.

-The ability to apply principles of cause-and-effect and predict possible answers.

-The appreciation of patterns as well as different mathematical contents.

2) Piaget's Stages of Cognitive and L.M. Development:

Stage	Age	Characteristics of Stage
Sensorimotor	0–2	The child learns by doing: looking, touching and sucking. The child also has a primitive understanding of cause-and-effect relationships; this is called practical intelligence. Object permanence appears around 9 months. They only think on immediate present.
Preoperational	2–7	The child uses language and symbols, including letters and numbers. Egocentrism is also evident.
Concrete Operations	7–11	The child demonstrates conservation, reversibility, serial ordering, and a mature understanding of cause-and-effect relationships. Thinking at this stage is still concrete.
Formal Operations	+12	The individual demonstrates abstract thinking, including logic, deductive reasoning, comparison, and classification.

On Sensorimotor and Preoperational periods children are able to:

-Discover and play with objects

-Explore and establish relations between objects and people.

-Making classifications and groups of things taking into account their property.

-Deducting, taking conclusions and making general views, through chance.

·All this actions start at a very young age and from here, children can form new ways of thinking which are called: operative logic relations. 

3) Piaget’s Research is divided in 3 different knowledge developments:

 1.   Physical

 2.   Logical-Mathematical; also is divided in:

a.   Classification

b.   Series

c.   Numbers

 3.  Social

4) Human's Brain: